In Magaria in South Niger, many still live off agriculture in their home villages. Every year, when the rainy season and the lean season begin, malaria and malnutrition experience a steep rise— a recurring challenge that only adds to the many difficulties faced by the country, one of which is the severe climate change in Sahel.

These seasonal peaks hit children under five particularly hard. Since 2005, MSF has worked directly with communities and the authorities to increase the collective effort to respond to surging needs. Limiting the mortality rate among young children is a shared challenge...