In 2023, Paolo Pellegrin visited the Norwegian town of Kirkenes, one of the most strategically sensitive regions on earth. Bordering Russia and Finland, the small fishing town just 200 meters away from the Kola Peninsula, has been treated by Russia as a nuclear laboratory, testing intelligence operations there before replicating them across Europe. These test trials of "hybrid warfare" are Russia's attempts to subdue the enemy without fighting, pushing the limits of what they can get away with, to sabotage and to instill fear.

An attack on one NATO member is an attack on all, yet each incident...